For example, sensitivity was improved when they required “routines AND/OR rituals” instead of “routines AND rituals.” Furthermore, unlike the early draft, the improved model included “unusual sensory behaviors” and the removal of an onset criterion of 36 months. The poor sensitivity of the early draft criteria and the remarkable increase in sensitivity with the new draft are likely explained by Mattila and colleagues’ stringent interpretation of the 2010 criteria. Notably, when the authors used criteria more similar to the current DSM-5 criteria, approximately 96% of the children with PDD diagnoses were classified correctly. ( 10) examined an early draft of the criteria (2010) and found that only 46% of children with PDD diagnoses were identified as meeting the ASD criteria. Using existing data from parent questionnaires, the Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised ( 8), and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ( 9), Mattila et al. McPartland and colleagues assessed the sensitivity and specificity of the proposed DSM-5 criteria by using the DSM-IV field trial checklist items and found DSM-5 to perform quite poorly ( 7). Although this work confirms the conceptual validity of the proposed changes to DSM-IV, it tells us little about the sensitivity of the new criteria.īecause of the newness of the proposed criteria, only a handful of studies have examined the DSM-5 criteria, and all have examined slightly different versions of the criteria under consideration. In contrast, the original DSM-IV model did not meet statistical criteria for an acceptable fit. Mandy and colleagues ( 6) tested this model, including sensory behaviors as part of the restricted and repetitive behavior criterion, and found that this model has an excellent fit. One difference from the original model is that communication deficits are subsumed under social impairments. To date, various empirical studies have found support for a two-domain ASD symptom model ( 3– 5). This is of major significance to families concerned that their affected children might not meet the proposed criteria for ASD and might therefore lose necessary services. In particular, it is unclear whether the revised criteria will inadvertently narrow the definition of PDDs. Although these changes are based on empirical data (e.g., 1, 2), little is known about the sensitivity and specificity of the new criteria. Psychoactive medicines can help manage associated anxiety, depression and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).The proposed changes to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) include shifting from a multicategorical model to a single diagnostic category of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), replacing the three-domain model with a two-domain model, relaxing the criteria for age at onset, and adding symptoms not previously included in DSM-IV, such as sensory interests and aversions. Physical and occupational therapy can improve coordination. Speech therapy can help with voice control. Social skills training classes can help with conversational skills and understanding social cues. Ĭognitive behavioral therapy can help address anxiety and other personal challenges. Though the diagnosis of Asperger syndrome is no longer used, many previously diagnosed people still identify strongly and positively with being an “Aspie.” Asperger therapies and servicesįind the following services near you using the Autism Speaks Resource Guide. Many learn to overcome their challenges by building on strengths. The tendencies described above vary widely among people.
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